Compensation and Benefit Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Motivation Compensation and Benefit. Answer: Prizes ought to be given to the workers with the goal that fulfillment level and inspiration can be improved viably. The most ideal approach to spur the various ages that exist in the association would be legitimate motivating force strategy. There should be appropriate impetus strategy in the association with the goal that representatives can be spurred. The impetuses are identified with the fiscal terms in which the workers get the award as per the general execution of the association. In the current situation, it is examined that every single era need legitimate money related advantages. To inspire each age in the work environment it is essential to mull over compelling motivator strategy so advantage to the representatives identified with acknowledgment can be accomplished. Motivators upgrade the energy of the laborers to act in a superior way. Along these lines, it is broke down that expectation for a prize is one of the ground-breaking impetuses to upgrade the inspiration level of the representatives. Motivations can once in a while help to achieve the general objectives and targets of the association. The necessity of motivators can be many like to upgrade the general efficiency, to improve the dedication level of the representatives towards the allocated exercises and furthermore to shape the conduct towards the working structure of the association (Reeve, 2014). There are financial motivations just as non-fiscal impetuses that help human asset specialist to improve the general fulfillment level of the workers. Non-money related motivators are identified with security of work and furthermore work improvement. In this way, it is critical to centers around these angles with the goal that workers can put forth a strong effort (Pinder, 2014). References Pinder, C. C. (2014).Work inspiration in hierarchical conduct. Brain research Press. Reeve, J. (2014).Understanding inspiration and feeling. John Wiley Sons.

Poor Reproductive Fitness of Sperm in Aging Males

Poor Reproductive Fitness of Sperm in Aging Males Crumbling of germline DNA found to create low quality posterity in matured male houbara bustards. An investigation in houbara bustards, an African fowl species gives understanding on what's going on with maturing men. The researchers recommend that the decrease in bring forth achievement watched is brought about by senescent decay of both male and female gametes. Then again, the improvement of chicks inside the egg give off an impression of being affected exclusively by maternal maturing which can be clarified by decrease in more established females’ capacities to arrangement their eggs. The specialists at that point checked the manual semen injection of houbara bustards running in age from 1 to 23, recorded the egg incubating accomplishment just as the development of coming about chicks. Their outcomes found that eggs created from inseminating more seasoned females with discharge from more seasoned guys have lower incubating accomplishment when contrasted with eggs of guardians at top age. The researchers propose that the lessening in bring forth achievement watched is brought about by senescent decay of both male and female gametes. Of the eggs that hatched, it was found that the mass of chicks at incubating were heaviest in chicks destined to youthful moms, proposing that the advancement of chicks inside the egg have all the earmarks of being affected exclusively by maternal maturing. This can be clarified by decrease in more established females’ capacities to arrangement their eggs. Moreover, it was discovered that chicks destined to youthful dads had the best generally speaking development inside the main month of life than those destined to more seasoned dads. The explanation behind this is since guys just contribute their DNA to posterity, the development of the How Reproductively Fit is the Sperm of Older Males? An examination in houbara bustards, an African feathered creature species gives knowledge on the creation of low quality posterity in maturing men. Gametes are conceptive cells, for example, ovum or sperm, containing the hereditary material required to frame another living being. This hereditary material is fundamental in deciding the nature of posterity delivered. As indicated by the paper by Brian Preston and his partners in Nature Communications, gametes from creatures of cutting edge years experience debasement by a procedure called senescence. Senescence is a steady decay of capacity and can happen by two components. The first is the decrease in the exhibition of their spermatogenic hardware with the end goal that the sperm experiences issues in doing its capacity. The subsequent system includes the development of hereditary transformations inside the germline of gametes, bringing about the debasement of the DNA conveyed inside. These components lead to a decrease in both the reasonability and nature of posterity delivered. To decide if male maturing has impact on regenerative wellness, Brian Preston and his associates inspected 10 years’ worth of information with respect to the post insemination achievement of male houbara bustards part of a hostage reproducing program. In any case, female bustards were inseminated with discharges gathered from guys. The male and female bustards engaged with this examination went from 1 to 23 years old. Eggs delivered were gathered and the bring forth achievement recorded. The scientists found that eggs delivered from inseminating more established females with discharge from more seasoned guys have lower bring forth accomplishment when contrasted with eggs of guardians at top age, recommending this is brought about by senescent decrease of both male and female gametes. Moreover, of the eggs that hatched, it was found that the mass of chicks at bring forth were heavier in chicks destined to youthful dads contrasted with more seasoned dads. Furthermore, a proportion of generally speaking development inside the main month of life indicated that chicks destined to old dads had the most noticeably awful by and large development. The researchers contemplated that the reason for development designs saw in chicks destined to old dads affirms that the prevailing system of senescence in the winged animal species is change based maturing of germline DNA. This is on the grounds that, since guys just contribute their DNA to posterity, the development of the chicks is hindered. Eggs delivered were gathered for brooding and brought forth chicks were hand-raised in order to stay away from any puzzling factors. The scientists checked the manual semen injection of houbara bustards running from 1 to 23 years of age, recorded the egg bring forth accomplishment just as the development of coming about chicks. Their outcomes found that eggs created from inseminating more established females with discharge from more established guys have lower incubating accomplishment when contrasted with eggs of guardians at top age, recommending this is brought about by senescent decrease of both male and female gametes. Of the eggs that hatched, it was found that the mass of chicks at bring forth were heaviest in chicks destined to youthful dads. Moreover, it was discovered that chicks destined to old dads had the most exceedingly awful generally development inside the main month of life than those destined to more youthful dads. The researchers propose that the advancement of chicks inside the egg gives off an impression of being impacted exclusively by maternal maturing. This can be clarified by decrease in more seasoned females’ capacities to furnish their eggs with supplements. Then again, the scientists contemplated that the reason for development designs saw in chicks destined to old dads affirms that the predominant system of senescence in the feathered creature species is change based maturing of germline DNA. This is on the grounds that, since guys just contribute their DNA to posterity, the development of the chicks is repressed. As indicated by an ongoing report by Brian Preston and his associates in Nature Communications, gametes (ovum or sperm) from creatures of cutting edge years experience corruption by a procedure called senescence. Senescence is a progressive decrease of capacity and happens by two instruments. The first includes the decay of the spermatogenic apparatus execution while the subsequent component includes the development of hereditary transformations inside the germline DNA of gametes. To decide if male maturing has effect on conceptive wellness, the specialists inspected 10 years’ worth of information on the post insemination accomplishment of male houbara bustards matured between 1 to 23 years that were a piece of a hostage rearing system. In the first place, female bustards were inseminated with the male discharges gathered so gametes are the main affecting component on posterity quality. The eggs delivered from more seasoned guardians supposedly had lower bring forth achievement when contrasted with eggs of pinnacle age guardians. Of the eggs that hatched, specialists saw that the lightest chicks at bring forth were an aftereffect of maternal maturing. On the other hand, a proportion of generally speaking development inside the main month in the wake of incubating uncovered that chicks destined to more established dads had the most exceedingly terrible by and large development. As such, as guys age, their capacity to create posterity that are practical and of top notch decreases. These discoveries lead researchers to presume that the prevailing system of senescence in the winged creature species is change based maturing of germline DNA. Also, it appears that the decrease in posterity improvement connected to fatherly maturing is comparable in scale to that connected to maternal maturing. Curiously, when discoveries were contrasted and that of human investigations comparable examples were watched, extending worry for the ongoing pattern of deferred parenthood in both genders. In future, Brian Preston and his partners wish to have the option to distinguish and measure the conceptive expense related with male maturing in a seemingly perpetual animal categories. In their latest work, distributed in Nature Communications, they found that, in addition to the fact that males appeared less ready to create posterity effectively as they matured, they likewise seemed to deliver posterity that were of inherently lower quality. Maybe most shockingly, these decreases in posterity quality were of a comparative size to those subsequent from maternal maturing. Examples saw in people are in accordance with the discoveries in houbara bustards and their understanding, with fatherly maturing being connected to unfriendly regenerative results, various hereditary sicknesses, and some psychological issue. The proof is starting to aggregate that postponing parenthood until later life can possibly have negative ramifications for the offspring of both more established people. Peruse more at: http://phys.org/news/2015-02-male-winged creatures multiplication life.html#jCp

Our Review of the Top Free Citation Generators

Our Review of the Top Free Citation Generators Over the course of conducting and writing about research, managing your references can become an overwhelming part of academic writing. Beyond management, even finding sources that are pertinent to your research can often be a tricky taskâ€"especially if youre researching a topic that hasnt had a lot of attention or is relatively new.However, using software to help keep track of the sources youve used in your research and writing, along with automatic generation of a bibliography or references page, can help streamline the process significantly. Some of these programs also offer extended online communities, cloud storage, and spaces to share your research with others, as well as the opportunity to explore potential sources others have used when researching a similar topic to yours.Keeping in mind that the free resources that are available vary in their features offered and the extent you can use them for your citation management needs, heres our review of the top free online citation generators available for academic researchers and writers. Weve included links and a brief overview of what each does for both free and subscription-based citation and source management assistance.ZoteroZotero is a free, open-source reference manager and research tool that can be accessed both online as a web service and offline on your personal device (laptop, phone, tablet, etc.). It allows users to collect, organize, analyze and share research. You can also use it to store author, title, and publication fields and to export that information as formatted references. Another great feature is you can download it as a plugin that senses when you are viewing a book, article, or other object on the web, and then automatically extract the complete bibliographic reference for it.As a citation generator, Zotero will instantly create references and bibliographies to be placed directly into Word, LibreOffice, and Google Docs. There is currently support for 9,000 citation styles (I wasnt ev en aware there were this many styles!) and you can format your work to match any style guide or publication.As a citation generator, Zotero will instantly create references and bibliographies to be placed directly into Word, LibreOffice, and Google Docs.Another great thing about Zotero is that its a complete online community for researchers. Users can connect with other researchers working on similar projects and browse through other researchers CVs and shared libraries for a quick view of their work and interests.According to its website:Zotero is a project of the Corporation for Digital Scholarship, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the development of software and services for researchers and cultural heritage institutions. It was created at the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University with initial funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the United States Institute of Museum and Library Services, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.Zotero .orgMendeleyMendeley is a free reference manager and academic social network that allows users to organize their research, collaborate with others online, and discover the latest research available on any topic. With one simple download, users will be able to automatically generate bibliographies, collaborate easily with other researchers online, import papers from other research software, find relevant papers based on current reading, and access papers from anywhere online. The download is available for both iOS and Android.Also available for download is Mendeley Cite. Mendeley Cite is a Microsoft Word add-in that speeds up the process of referencing when writing, allowing researchers to quickly insert references from their Mendeley library directly into their Word document. It can be used without having Mendeley Desktop open or even installed if your library is synced to Mendeley cloud, allowing you to insert individual or multiple references and automatically create a bibliograph y from the citations youve inserted.According to the website, here are some of the Mendeley Cite features:Once users sign in to Mendeley Cite, their Mendeley library is downloaded from the cloud, so they dont need to have Mendeley Desktop open or even installed to use it.Users can search for references in their Mendeley library and insert them easily into the document theyre working on.Users can select and insert individual or multiple references at once.Users can create a bibliography of all the references cited.Users can change the style to any preferred citation style.KnightCiteIf you dont want to have to download any apps or programs, KnighCite is a good option. KnightCite is an online citation generator service created in 2004 and provided by the Hekman Library of Calvin College. Although its offered by Calvin University, it is available to both students and nonstudents.KnightCites citation formatting styles offered, at present, are: Modern Language Association (MLA), American Psychological Association (APA), or Chicago Manual of Style. Note that KnightCite does not generate footnotes or in-text citations. The citation formatting features can be used without sifting through advertising, which makes it preferable to other online generators, although users will have to register on the site to have the option of saving all of their citations or creating multiple bibliographies.Here are a few of the key features offered:Citation generation for print or electronic resources, including sacred texts, a webpage or blog, art or photographs, cartoons, advertisements, personal interviews, musical compositions, sound recordings and more.Users may save all of their citations for a given project and instantly alphabetize or edit them. Citations in one bibliography can be copied into another.When a bibliography is complete, the program can export it into an rtf file or word document with the appropriate format. It will be instantly ready to print.Registered users can sa ve citations and organize them into multiple papers.Citation BuilderCitation Builder is another university created toolâ€"this time coming from North Carolina State University Libraries. Its simple to use and is web-based, allowing users to choose between MLA, APA, Chicago and CSE/CBE formatting styles.Citation Builder is simple to use and is web-based, allowing users to choose between MLA, APA, Chicago and CSE/CBE formatting styles.A simple drop-down menu asks if you the citation youre generating is a book, chapter or essay, magazine article, newspaper article, scholarly journal article, or website. You can then choose the formatting style and immediately generate the citation for print or digital sources.Citation MachineCitation Machine is a web-based citation generator allowing citation generation for APA, MLA and Chicago formatting styles. While the website is free to use, there are multiple advertisements that will pop up, including advertisements to purchase Citation Machine P lus for a 3-day free trial, and $9.95 per month afterwards. With this purchase, users can expect the following features:Suggestions to improve your writing style, grammar and sentence structureChecks for unintentional plagiarismAdd a bibliography and citations directly to your paperQuickly and accurately create citations from multiple styles and source typesIf you dont want to purchase the premium features, you can still use the website to add a bibliography and citations directly to your paper. The website features an auto-fill mode, where users can input the sources title, author, and/or ISBN and have the rest of the information filled in automatically by the website.Microsoft WordIf you use Microsoft Word, you already have a powerful citation generator option that will easily plug into the document youre creating. This generator creates in-text citations, as well as a bibliography, works cited, or reference page to include at the end of your essay, article, thesis, or dissertatio n. Its really one of the easiest ways to manage your sources while working on an academic writing assignment, although it doesnt offer some of the extended networking and crowd-sourced data provided by software like Zotero and Mendeley.If you choose to go this route for your citation management, heres a step-by-step tutorial on how to use Microsoft Words References tool for smarter academic writing. It will guide you through the process of creating citations and generating a bibliography once youve entered your sources.

Mother Tongue by Amy Tan Essay - 1070 Words

Identity and Culture Amy Tan’s ,â€Å"Mother Tongue† and Maxine Kingston’s essay, â€Å"No Name Woman† represent a balance in cultures when obtaining an identity in American culture. As first generation Chinese-Americans both Tan and Kingston faced many obstacles. Obstacles in language and appearance while balancing two cultures. Overcoming these obstacles that were faced and preserving heritage both women gained an identity as a successful American. In the work of Amy Tan’s â€Å"Mother’s Tongue† she provides a look into how she adapted her language to assimilate into American culture. She made changes to her language because her mother heavily relied on her for translation. She was the voice of her mother, relaying information in standard English to†¦show more content†¦My mother was in the room. And it was perhaps the first time she had heard me give a lengthy speech using the kind of English I have never used with her.†(417) Overcoming the barrier between languages she spoke aided Tan in building a bridge between cultures. She changed her language to assimilate into American culture while also keeping familial culture. A piece of heritage that uses a language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk. Tan grew up with this language and she still uses it with her mother, husband and in her books. (418) Another method to find identity in a new host society is thro ugh appearance. In the essay, â€Å"No Name Woman† by Maxine Kingston ideals in appearance were passed from generation to generation. Altering ideals when creating identity is noticed in Kingston’s essay. A long held tradition in many Chinese families is that many generations live under the same roof and this can cause a conflict in ideals. Conflicting ideals between generations is shown as Tan tells how the younger generation hid the identities of their sexual color and their character. Hiding these new identities they hoped to avoid potential conflict with generational ideals. Kingston did not hide her identity, she found herself â€Å"walking erect (knees straight, toes pointed forward, not pigeon-toed, which is Chinese-feminine) and speaking in an audibleShow MoreRelatedMother Tongue By Amy Tan1553 Words   |  7 Pages(Date) â€Å"Mother Tongue† Response Essay In the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue,† Amy Tan emphasizes the idea that the language we are taught in childhood plays an important role in our lives. She writes about the profound effect language has on her life and how she is inspired by her mother’s â€Å"impeccable broken English† to become a writer (317). Tan describes her mother as an educated person who can read sophisticated and technical literature written in English with ease. However, Tan’s mother is oftenRead MoreMother Tongue, by Amy Tan819 Words   |  4 Pages Despite growing up amidst a language deemed as â€Å"broken† and â€Å"fractured†, Amy Tan’s love for language allowed her to embrace the variations of English that surrounded her. In her short essay â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Tan discusses the internal conflict she had with the English learned from her mother to that of the English in her education. Sharing her experiences as an adolescent posing to be her mother for respect, Tan develops a frustration at the difficulty of not being taken seriously due to one’s inabilityRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1306 Words   |  6 Pages Mother Tongue is a story that describes how Amy Tan’s mother was treated unfairly because of her â€Å"broken English†. As the second generation of Chinese immigrants, Tan faces more problems than her peers do. H er mom, who speaks â€Å"limited† English, needs Tan to be her â€Å"translator† in order to communicate with the native English speakers. Tan has felt ashamed of her mother â€Å"broken† language at first. She then contemplates her background affected her life and her study. However, she changes her thoughtRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan883 Words   |  4 PagesIn Amy Tan’s essay â€Å"Mother Tongue,† it is obvious that language plays an enormous role in our life. Language can influence and give us an insight into another culture different from our own. Amy Tan discusses the many ways in which the language she was taught and native to was important and powerful throughout her life. Language can be defined in various forms, but I hold and acknowledge Amy Tan’s explanation: â€Å"Language can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth.† I canRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1375 Words   |  6 Pagestrade. And I use them all-all the Englishes I grew up with.† -Amy Tan, Mother Tongue Language is what allows humans to be creative. Creative in the way we express ourselves, creative in the way we put our ideas forward, creative in the way we correspond with each other and in the way we can touch each other’s lives. It is truly a gift that the other species of our world do not possess, at least not to the extent that humans do! Amy Tan is an American writer and her works probe the Chinese-AmericanRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1290 Words   |  6 Pageslanguage is a difficult and demanding task. In â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Amy Tan expresses the limitations caused by the use of imperfect English in society and her struggles to revitalize it into her life and her writing. Through the use of several rhetorical strategies such as expanding on her own credibility with the use of ethos, appealing to the audience’s emotions using pathos, stating statistics using logos and providing an example of repetition, Tan successfully manages to prove her point on the struggleRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan967 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Amy Tan describes the several different kinds of English her that she speaks. It is an interesting concept to think about the fact that more than one variation of a single language exist. After reading â€Å"Mother Tongue† I began l ooking at my own life and seeing if I could recognize the different variation of English that I have come in contact with. After some serious thought, I realized that I have not only come into contact with many different kinds of English, but I speak manyRead MoreAnalysis Of Mother Tongue By Amy Tan913 Words   |  4 Pages Analysis of Mother Tongue by Amy Tan In the narrative essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan, the author sets out the story between her mother, whose English is her second language, and Tan herself can speak native English very well. The essay covers the tonal shift of Amy Tan s psychological change, from grudge to understanding. Although she begins the essay saying, I am not a scholar of English or literature. I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on theRead MoreAmy Tan s Mother Tongue1060 Words   |  5 Pagesupon me for my inability to speak English properly. However, in the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue†, the author Amy Tan gives a different, a more optimistic outlook on the various forms of English that immigrants speak as they adapt to the American culture. Using simple language to develop her argument, she casually communicates to the audience rather than informing, which helps the audience understand what is being presented. Tan’s mother plays an important role in her outlook of l anguage because she helps herRead MoreAnalysis Of Mother Tongue By Amy Tan1048 Words   |  5 PagesTwo Worlds - One Story In â€Å"Mother Tongue,† Amy Tan reflects on her childhood to describe how her mother contributed to her understanding of language. Tan encounters numerous situations when she feels like she is judged based on how her mother spoke â€Å"broken† English. Nevertheless, she overcame her teachers’ opinion that she should focus on math and sciences and became a writer. I have a similar experience because I have lived in a different country for a long time, and I speak a different language

Organisation and Business Environment Assignment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3008 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? 1 Assignment title: Organization and Business Environment INTRODUCTION Business environment is a collection of all internal and external factors that influence a business. The external factors include political, microeconomics, macroeconomic, social and technological factors. Businesses do not operate in a vacuum but are constantly affected and shaped by the external opportunities and constraints. Task 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Scenario 1 Explain why some companies are set up in public sector? Also discuss the impacts of these in an economy. The part of theeconomy which is concerned withproviding the basicbasicgovernmentservices is known as the public sector. It is usually composed of organizations that are owned and operated by the government. This includes federal, provincial, state, or municipal governments, which varies according to countries. Examples of public sector companies in Pakistan include Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation (Pvt) Ltd, Pakistan Petroleum Ltd, Pakistan Post Office Department, Pakistan Railways, Pakistan State Oil Company Ltd (PSO) and many others. Public sector organizations and government departments are created to fulfill responsibilities of government and are expected to cooperate in the policy development and the delivery of services. Companies in the public sector are owned and controlled by the government. Thus, planning can be coordinated through central control. The capital is raised from the state treasury or the local rates. The profits earned are handed back to the govern ment or the local authority. In this way, everyone shares in the profit from public ownership and wasteful duplication of services is eliminated. Some services are essential and must be provided, but their cost is so high that a private ownership would not be interested in setting it up as they would not make profit. So such services are set up in the public sector. Also, in many cases, it would be unsafe for private people to run dangerous industries such as the provision of atomic energy. The public sector ownerships prevent large, powerful, privately owned firms from existing and being able to set high prices for their services, therefore, helping to abolish private monopoly. The economy of a country is influenced by the public sector ownerships. In some instances, where a business is failing, the government takes over in order to save jobs. Advantages Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Organisation and Business Environment Assignment" essay for you Create order Essential services are provided. Everyone shares in the profit from public ownership. Wasteful duplication of services is eliminated. Planning can be co-ordinated through central control. Disadvantages Inefficiency results due to the size of the organisation. There is a lack of incentive for employees to perform if there is no share in the profit or there is an absence of other motivators such as productivity bonuses accelerated promotion; (this factor can also apply in the private sector if the employee is not given any incentive to perform). Losses must be met by the taxpayer. Political interference can occur. They interfere with the free market forces. There may be difficulties in finding someone to deal with complaints, though this factor is applicable to any large organisation. Public-sector involvement in economic development, while not always successful, often stems from legitimate concerns about the following: Information market failures à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" The regional economy will benefit to the extent that the public sector can improve the flow of information in a regional economy in a cost-effective manner. Spillovers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Self-interested buyers and sellers fail to take into account the spillover effects that result in larger costs or benefits for a community or region. Sunk investment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" If public infrastructure or private resources are left idle, an area misses out on the economic potential of its sunken investment. Social impacts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Improvements in the well-being of specific people and places may be particularly important for low-income, low-skilled residents who are less likely to move from declining areas to growing ones. Political pressure à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Serious concerns about t he state of a regionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy will lead to public-sector economic development efforts, good or bad. (https://www.caled.org/economicdevelopment/files/econdevelopment.pdf) Identify the different stakeholders in this motorway project. Explain the disadvantages to any two stakeholders of this project. Stakeholders refer to a party that has an interest in an enterprise or project. The primary stakeholders in a typical corporation are its investors, employees, customers and suppliers. However, modern theory goes beyond this conventional notion to embrace additional stakeholders such as the community, government and trade associations. (https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stakeholder.asp) Stakeholders can be internal or external to the business. A stake is a vital interest in the business or its activities. It can include ownership and property interests, legal interests and obligations, and moral rights. A legal obligation may be the duty to pay wages or to honor contacts. A moral right may include the right of a consumer not to be intentionally harmed by business activities. Stakeholders can: Affect a business Be affected by a business Be both affected by a business and affect a business A stakeholder is often contrasted against a shareholder, which has an ownership interest in the business. (https://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-stakeholder-in-business-definition-examples-quiz.html#lesson) Internal stakeholders include the employees, managers and the owners, while external stakeholders include the suppliers, government, creditors, shareholders, customers and the society. Murree is a popular hill station, summer resort, famous tourist attraction and the administrative centre of Murree Tehsil Pakistan. It is located in the Pir Panjal Range, nearly 60 kilometres away towards the North of Islamabad and Rawalpindi.The Murree Expressway (N-75), also known as the Islamabad-Murree Expressway was completed in 2011. The external stakeholders in this project included the residents of the area, i.e. the villagers, the government, the travelers to Murree Hills, the respective department of the government for forestry, the construction engineers and highway authorities. It also consisted of pressure groups, suppliers and investors. Some of these can be c ategorized as negative stakeholders, as they are those who have had a detrimental impact on the project. An example would be the local residents with concerns about loss of public areas to a new project. The residents who had homes on the mountainous areas had been forced to find other places to live in order to construct this road. Other than this, a river had to be diverted which caused issues in the water supply to the areaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s residents. Another concern was deforestation. A lush green forest had to be cut down and destroyed for this project, giving way to a loss of not only a natural habitat, but also a source of food. Removing trees deprives the forest of portions of its canopy, which blocks the sunà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rays during the day and holds in heat at night. This disruption leads to more extreme temperatures swings that can be harmful to plants and animals. Therefore, at a hill station like Murree, where the temperatures are usually low, turn out to be gradually increasing due to the loss of trees. (https://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/deforestation-overview/) Trees absorb water in large quantities during heavy rains. But due to large scale deforestation there are very less tress to retain water. This again led to heavy floods causing heavy loss of life and property. There has been land sliding in the area and soil erosion, altogether deforestation damaged not only the natural environment, but also the physical structures including roads and houses. In your opinion does this project contribute positively to economy and how can it ensure desirable allocation of resources. Mobility is one of the key factors that determine economic development and growth in most countries all over the world. Moreover, economic development is directly associated with quality of life, as people tend to satisfy their advancing need for mobility with the aid of transport infrastructures. https://ideas.repec.org/p/wiw/wiwrsa/ersa13p944.html This project is beneficial for the economy in several ways. Studies suggest that new infrastructures reduce transport costs by 15-20% on average, with as much as 40-50% of this being attributed to time saving. Also the construction itself led to tourist frequentation which generates income for all kinds of industries present in this area and thus adds up to the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s GDP. Several new hotels were constructed along the motorway to serve tourists. Other than this, employment opportunities are also increased. Jobs are created by concessionary companies like toll collectors, road maintenance personnel, local police , and fuel sales. On average, motorway operations are estimated to generate between three to four jobs per kilometer. (OECD 2002) A resource is an economic or productive factor required to accomplish an activity to achieve a desired outcome. The three basic resources are land, labor and capital. The land includes all the natural resources used in the project, for example, the arable land, forests, water resources. Labor consists of the physical and mental talents of individuals that are part of the project. And capital refers to the money, and also the machinery and equipment used. https://www.slideshare.net/kbgluciaja/resource-allocation-16175159 According to economists, efficient allocation happens when consumers are able to choose the goods and services that they want. Companies that do not offer desirable services decline and fail and resources move away from them. In these ways, resources move to those firms that make the things that people want. This is efficient a llocation of resources. Resources are being allocated efficiently when they are being used to produce the proper quantities of the goods and services that consumers desire the most. This project seeks to ensure that road safety funding mechanisms are established, sufficient and sustainable. At the same time, a rational framework for resource allocation allows the making of a strong business case for road safety investments based on cost-effectiveness and cost benefit analyses. To achieve more ambitious performance targets, new funding sources and mechanisms may need to be established. (OECD) Most countries need to improve their knowledge of expenditure on the consequences of road crashes, both by government and injury insurance companies, and investment in road safety improvement and trauma prevention. Road safety authorities need this information to prepare financial and economic evidence on the costs and effectiveness of proposed interventions in order to win whole-of-govern ment support for funding innovative programmes and for transparency in resource allocation for crash prevention and treatment. There are opportunities for targeted road safety investments that provide competitive returns. Road safety practitioners and authorities should develop business cases for this investment. A step change in resources invested in road safety management and in safer transport systems is required to realize the achievement of ambitious road safety targets in most of the world. Revenue sources for road funds typically come from fuel taxes, vehicle registration and licensing fees, and road user charges for heavy vehicles. There are few examples of road funds being used to finance road safety investments. Analyze whether resources are allocated more efficiently in private sector or public sector. Efficient allocation of resources is a characteristic of an efficient market in which capital is allocated in a way that benefits all participants. It occurs when organizations in the public and private sectors can obtain funding for the projects that will be the most profitable, thereby promoting economic growth. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/allocationalefficiency.asp In a perfect market, an efficient allocation of resources will be achieved by the forces of supply and demand, through the price mechanism, without the need for public intervention. However, public intervention may be justified in cases of market failure, where the price mechanism results in an allocation of resources that diverges from the social optimum. This may occur for a number of reasons: in the case of public goods, externalities, natural monopolies or asymmetrical information. The appropriate public sector response à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" distinguishing public provision, financing or regulation à ¢Ã¢â €š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and level of public spending will depend on the type and degree of market failure that the public sector seeks to correct. https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/2069.pdf Analysis of the conditions of supply and demand for public and private goods: Public money is spent where the state has a comparative advantage. This approach does not provide the basis for determining allocation of resources across the public sector nor their appropriate level. Marginal utility and assessment of cost effectiveness: Problems are encountered when transforming the principles into an operational environment. Allocative efficiency and cost benefit analysis: Whilst useful for appraising large-scale investment projects, this technique cannot be used to assist inter-sectoral and inter-programme allocation decisions. Resources allocated according to citizensà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ preferences and through collective decision-making: Representat ive democracy does not necessarily produce efficient outcomes, some political and bureaucratic intervention is generally considered necessary. Equity and targeting of the poor: Determining the extent and means of redistribution is a political issue and cannot be determined by economic modelling. These principles and techniques remain imperfect because they do not account for institutional politics. https://www.eldis.org/go/homeid=29494type=Document#.VHz1lGeSyOg When targets are set individually for each organization, the resulting incentives normally induce inefficient resource allocations. If the principal impose shared targets, this may improve the incentives to coordinate but the success of this instrument depends in general on the imprecision and distortion of performance measures, as well as agent motivation. Besides decreasing available resources, imprecise performance measures also affect agents possibility to learn the function that determines value. Simulations wit h a least squares learning rule show that the one-shot model is a good approximation when the imprecision of performance measures is low to moderate and one parameter is initially unknown. However, substantial and lengthy deviations from equilibrium values are frequent when three parameters have to be learned. Differentiate between fiscal and monetary policy, also assess if it is feasible to implement fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth. Economic policy-makers are said to have two kinds of tools to influence a countrys economy: fiscal and monetary. Fiscal policy is when the government uses its spending and taxing powers to have an impact on the economy. The direct and indirect effects of fiscal policy can influence personal spending, capital expenditure, exchange rates, deficit levels and even interest rates, which are usually associated with monetary policy. Monetary policy can also be used to ignite or control the pace of the economy but is controlled by the central bank, the Federal Reserve with the ultimate goal of creating an easy money environment. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/12/fiscal-or-monetary-policy.asp The main difference is that monetary policy uses interest rates set by the Central Bank. Fiscal policy involves changing government spending and taxes to influence the level of aggregate demand. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/534/economics/define-fiscal-and-monetary-pol icy/ Economic performance can be illustrated through the concepts of aggregate supply and aggregate demand. Aggregate supply is the total supply of goods and services produced in the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy. It is upward-sloping because at higher prices firms have an incentive to produce more, and at lower prices they are likely to produce less. Aggregate demand is the total demand for goods and services in the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy. It is downward-sloping because at higher prices, consumers, firms, government, and foreign customers are less willing to buy, while they will likely buy more at lower prices. Aggregate supply and demand are shown in the graph. Shifts in the aggregate supply and aggregate demand curves can illustrate changes in the performance of our economy. If consumer confidence in the economy falls and people reduce their spending, aggregate demand can fall, reducing real output and prices and possibly dropping the country into a recession. H owever, if the money supply is too large, excessive consumer demand can push up the aggregate demand, raising real output and prices and possibly pushing the country into serious inflation. https://www.econedlink.org/lessons/index.php?lid=352type=student Monetary policy is set by the Central Bank, and therefore reduces political influence (e.g. politicians may cut interest rates in desire to have a booming economy before a general election) Fiscal Policy can have more supply side effects on the wider economy. E.g. to reduce inflation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" higher tax and lower spending would not be popular and the government may be reluctant to purse this. Also lower spending could lead to reduced public services and the higher income tax could create disincentives to work. Monetarists argue expansionary fiscal policy (larger budget deficit) is likely to cause crowding out à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" higher government spending reduces private sector spending, and higher government bo rrowing pushes up interest rates. (However, this analysis is disputed) Expansionary fiscal policy (e.g. more government spending) may lead to special interest groups pushing for spending which isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really helpful and then proves difficult to reduce when recession is over. Monetary policy is quicker to implement. Interest rates can be set every month. A decision to increase government spending may take time to decide where to spend the money. However, the recent recession shows that Monetary Policy too can have many limitations. Targeting inflation is too narrow. This meant Central banks ignored an unsustainable boom in housing market and bank lending. Liquidity Trap; in a recession, cutting interest rates may prove insufficient to boost demand because banks donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t want to lend and consumers are too nervous to spend. Interest rates were cut from 5% to 0.5% in March 2009, but this didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t solve recession in UK. Even quan titative easing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" creating money may be ineffective if banks just want to keep the extra money in their balance sheets. Government spending directly creates demand in the economy and can provide a kick-start to get the economy out of recession. Thus in a deep recession, relying on monetary policy alone, may be insufficient to restore equilibrium in the economy. In a liquidity trap, expansionary fiscal policy will not cause crowding out because the government is making use of surplus saving to inject demand into the economy. In a deep recession, expansionary fiscal policy may be important for confidence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" if monetary policy has proved to be a failure. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/1850/economics/difference-between-monetary-and-fiscal-policy/ Task 2 Write a brief note on the impact of competition policy and regulatory mechanisms on companies like TESCO. Learner: Osama Javaid Unit 1: Business and Environment Assessor: Abroo Asad

What must be done to protect New Zealand’s wildlife Free Essays

There is much said about protecting native species all around the world and New Zealand is no exception. In New Zealand we are facing challenges of our own when it comes to protecting and conserving our native species. This challenges range from oil spills to climate change to over-harvesting (in particular whale hunting). We will write a custom essay sample on What must be done to protect New Zealand’s wildlife or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is common reality that more needs to be done to protect our native New Zealand species. And this needs collective effort from each and every one of us to protect our native species-the government, NGOs and citizens. in my essay I will be emphasising on what we can do as individuals to contribute to protecting and conserving the native species and these includes reducing our carbon footprint, considering our lifestyle and lastly speaking out. I will then conclude by emphasising these points. Brief Background Due to its long geological isolation since breaking away from the supercontinent Gondwana about 80 million years ago, New Zealand’s plant and animal life has developed down a unique evolutionary path. Many of our native plants and animals are endemic – that is, found nowhere else in the world. The level of endemism among New Zealand plants and animals is one of the highest in the world. The tuatara, moa, kiwi, kokako, saddleback, huia, kakapo, native frogs and giant carnivorous land snails are just some of the species that are uniquely New Zealand. This isolation in the absence of mammalian predators for millions of years also meant that many of our native species were virtually defenceless against attack – for example, many of our native birds like the kiwi are flightless and nest on the ground. When humans – first Maori and then European settlers – arrived in New Zealand, introduced mammals came with them: rats, possums, stoats, ferrets, weasels, deer, pigs, mice, cats, dogs and others. These introduced species quickly took a heavy toll as they preyed and browsed on New Zealand’s largely defenceless native species, or competed with them. Human activities such as felling and burning vegetation and draining wetlands also destroyed much of the native species’ habitats. Native species such as the moa, huia, and the world’s largest-ever eagle, the Haast’s eagle, the South Island kokako and many others became extinct. Many more, such as the Takahe, the Kakapo and the long-tailed bat were radically reduced in number and remain perilously close to extinction today. Against this backdrop, the protection of our native species becomes ever more urgent. Thus this brings me to my emphasis on what we can do as individuals to protect our native species. Protection of our native species doesn’t only mean big campaigns by organization such as green peace o world wildlife fund. It also concerns us as individuals to contribute in our own small ways in protecting our native species. Unfortunately, we as individuals don’t realise these. Therefore, there are three things that I believe we can do to help in protecting our native species. They are reducing our carbon footprint, considering our lifestyles and last of all speaking out. Reduce our carbon footprint Each and every one of us can help save the planet from runaway climate change. Carbon emissions have been scientifically proven to be one of the main contributors to global warming. And as individuals, we think that releasing of carbon to the atmosphere is mainly done by factories of all sorts without realising that we also contribute to that. Therefore I believe that we have a responsibility to ensure that we minimise this. So this is how it can be done. Ever wondered how much difference your small actions really make? If every New Zealand household took these three simple actions, it could have a big impact. First of all, go car-free one day a week. Transport is a major contributor to New Zealand’s emissions (20%). If everyone in New Zealand who currently drives to work were to walk, cycle or take public transport on just one day per week, it would save up to 114,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year (Landcare Research’s carboNZero Programme Dec 2008). Secondly, we must switch our bulbs. If every household swapped their remaining old-style light bulbs for new energy efficient ones, this could save up to 0.6 billion kWh of electricity or 106,800 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year (Landcare Research’s carboNZero Programme in December 2008) Thirdly, we must turn un-needed appliances off at the wall. When not in use things like heated towels rails and appliances on standby account for almost 1 billion kWh of electricity per year or 165,700 tonnes of CO2 equivalent (Landcare Research’s carboNZero Programme in December 2008). If every household simply turned these off, we could make a big saving. So if all of the above actions are taken, it all adds up to us as individually contributing to reducing carbon emissions. According to Landcare research, the combined impact of these actions would be an emissions reduction of 386,500 tonnes CO2 equivalent per year. This is equivalent to over 839,000 car journeys from Kaitaia to Invercargill (Landcare Research’s carboNZero Programme in December 2008). Figures are based on work by Landcare Research’s carboNZero Programme in December 2008 commissioned by WWF-New Zealand. Consider our lifestyle Have we ever wondered how our lifestyles can contribute to carbon emissions which impact on the environment? In our pursuit of pleasure, enjoyment and expensive lifestyle we have become careless-careless in the sense that we are consuming things that we don’t really need. Carbon emissions are created by stuff – the more stuff you buy, use, consume and throw away the more you’re contributing to climate change. Did we ever known that? I guess no. Take a look at what we really need. Can we cut down on anything? By eating meat and animal products our carbon footprint will be higher than on a vege diet. Can we eat less meat? Garbage emits methane – a greenhouse gas – as it breaks down. Can we reduce our waste? Clothes, furniture, electrical goods – everything really – takes resources to produce and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions as it is moved around the planet. Can you buy less stuff and local stuff instead? Or above all consume only stuff that we really need. You can help – Speak out The last thing we can do is speak out. There are petitions made by organizations such as Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to the government. The best we can do to help is to sign up. One such petition is the Forest Bird’s petition. You can help by signing Forest Bird’s petition to save sea lions. In this petition, WWF is calling on the New Zealand Government to immediately take the following action: 1. Determine the relative importance of the threats facing the sea lions. 2. Revise the Department of Conservations Sea Lion Species Management Plan. – (The revised plan should provide clear, time-bound actions to address the main threats identified in the comparative assessment.) 3. Develop an improved population model to guide sea lion mortality limits. – (The model should address the flaws in the current model and also consider the effect of food competition and epidemics.) 4. Set a precautionary mortality limit for sea lions in the squid fishery. – (This limit should be based on the improved population model and on a conservative assessment of the effectiveness of sea lion exclusion devices.) 5. Set an explicit sea lion mortality limit in the Campbell southern blue whiting fishing. 6. Set precautionary allocations of squid and other southern ocean fish stocks. – (These allocations should be ecologically based and explicitly considers direct and indirect effects of fishing on sea lions.) The numbers of sea lion pups are in freefall – estimates from the Department of Conservation show pup production has halved since 1998. So we can play our part by signing the petition. Conclusion To conclude, we must know that protecting native New Zealand species does not concern only the government or organizations such as WWF. It also concerns us as individuals to contribute in our own small ways. We need a collective effort to protect New Zealand’s native species. 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Persuasive memo free essay sample

My name is Darrell Pace and I am requesting to continue research for the implementation of a Spanish curriculum in the Professional Academy Day School. The proposed research will greatly impact our students, parents, and faculty because the world is becoming increasingly interconnected. Parents are turning to language immersion programs for their toddlers and preschoolers. Some are motivated by the desire to preserve family heritage and culture. Others see early language instruction as a way to provide their children with the academic and cognitive advantages. It is very important for the Professional Academy Day School to accommodate the interest of our parents who entrust their children to us, to teach them skills that are beneficial now and in the future. When we offer the children in our day school the very best curriculum, it enhances our credibility among our competition and the community. According to the article by Stephanie Meade, â€Å"7 benefits of Raising Bilingual Kids†, it shows that bilingual children have the following advantages over that of monolingual students: Bilingual children have a better ability to focus and ignore distractions in the environment Bilingual kids can switch from one activity to another faster and are better at multitasking. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive memo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bilinguals have increased mental flexibility and creativity. Bilingual children in dual-immersion schools have been shown in one study to score higher on both verbal and math standardized test conducted in English Bilingual children display stronger logic skills and are better equipped at solving mental puzzles Being bilingual carries over throughout life as it alters brain chemistry and starving off the onset of Alzheimer’s. After learning two languages, it makes it more apt for learning a third language The advantages of a child being immersed into a school that offers dual languages cannot be ignored nor taken lightly when the demographics toward Spanish speaking cultures have more than doubled over the last ten years here in our state of Texas. Our school will be behind the curve if we don’t react now and research the necessary curriculum that will be the most effective among our students in the classroom. In the article, â€Å"Preschool Curriculum: What’s in it for Children and Teachers† written by The Albert Shanker Institute, children learn language when it is presented in meaningful contexts. A strong curriculum teaches vocabulary during studies of interesting content. This strategy which we have found through our research provides repeated exposure to new words and teaches children the words they need to represent the new ideas and concepts that they are learning. Our research will prove that the proper Spanish curriculum produces success in math, science, literacy, social studies and the arts. Language is the foundation for children’s learning, and the pre-k years are a crucial time for Spanish language development. The research on Spanish curriculum in Pre-k and kindergarten classes is timely and it is of substantial importance to the future of learning at the Professional Academy Day School.